Language Acquisition in Children: The Impact of Biological and Environmental Factors on Language Development Stages

Abstract

factors influencing them, such as innate readiness, continuous learning, the impact of physical and psychological growth, and the social environment, which work together to achieve proper language acquisition. The research also highlights the relationship between brain development and language acquisition throughout different stages of life. The problem of the study revolves around understanding the mechanism that enables a child to acquire language naturally, and whether language acquisition depends solely on biological readiness or if the environment plays a role as well. The study also addresses the issue of varying interpretations of the language acquisition process, starting with the behavioral theory that links language acquisition to external stimuli, followed by the innatist theory that emphasizes the existence of an internal device for language acquisition, and finally, the cognitive theory, which views acquisition as a mental generative process.

The study relies on a descriptive methodology, where the stages of linguistic development in children are explained, and the most important linguistic theories that explain how language acquisition occurs are reviewed. Previous studies were also utilized to provide a comprehensive picture of the factors affecting this process.

The study concluded that language acquisition is a process that requires the integration of both innate and environmental factors. The utterance of the first word is an important indicator of the child's understanding of the relationship between the signifier and the signified. Furthermore, the study emphasized a positive correlation between language development and brain growth, with the brain structure becoming more complex as the child acquires more linguistic inputs.