Aesthetics of Obverse in the Ancient Iraqi Sculpture

Abstract

The research dealt with the study of the aesthetics of obverse in the ancient Iraqi sculptures, as the ancient Iraqi civilisation considered as a great civilization that produced cultural intellectual awareness. The sculptural works regarded as the documentation and recording of historical, social and psychological attitudes, as its the effective phenomena in human societies throughout history.  So the ancient arts take in consideration these important attitudes and events in an active manner of embodiment in the various products of art, with remarkable considering and dealing with these phenomena. From this, the ancient Iraqi products achieved important patterns of defining the issues of society and its transformations at the level of thought, society and nature. The  research problem discussed the study of the abilities of the Iraqi ancient art in achieving obverse between shapes in artistic products. The first part of the research methodological framework studies the concept of obverse, which considered as a mean of thinking.  The second part dealt with the study of the forms of ancient Iraqi sculptures, which are  the most important studied works of sculpture from Mesopotamia within the time boundaries, which were (250-4000) BC.,  and its spatial boundaries in  south, central and north of Iraq. The third chapter dealt with the research procedures of the research community and the analysis of selected samples in an intentional manner amounting to three sculptural works from Mesopotamia within the objective, time and spatial limits of research.

The research concluded with the fourth chapter, indicating the most important results as follows:

1-The symbolic significance in the ancient Iraqi sculpture was an effective tool in achieving obverse .

2- Obverse in ancient Iraqi sculpture refers to the intellectual concepts that establish the semantic data .

Conclusions :

3-The aesthetics of obverse came through the structural harmony between the surrounding and formal structures.

4- The religious inclination forms the axis of obverse between the surrounding and formal structure in ancient Iraqi sculpture