Modeling Spatial Distribution Maps of Precipitation in Daquq District

Abstract

         This research aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall in Daquq district during the period 2012–2022, relying on meteorological station data and employing geographic information systems (GIS). Daquq district is characterized by a diverse terrain, including the Shay Valley, the Hamrin Hills, and the Tuz Khurmatu Plateau, which contributes to the diversity of rainfall rates and their variation from one region to another. The study results showed that rainfall is concentrated during the winter, especially in January, while drought prevails during the summer. The seasonal and annual analysis also revealed clear fluctuations in rainfall rates, with an average of 121.6 mm, with an absolute deviation of 37.9 mm, reflecting significant variations in rainfall from year to year. The highest rate was recorded at Daquq station, especially in the colder months. The study also demonstrated the effectiveness of GIS systems in accurately mapping rainfall distribution and highlighting areas of abundance and deficiency, which contributes to supporting decisions related to agriculture and water resource management. The study highlights the need to enhance the integration of climate data with agricultural and irrigation projects to ensure resource sustainability. Its importance lies in its role as a scientific reference for environmental and agricultural planning in regions with changing climate patterns.